Engineering
How to Write a PRD Engineers Can Actually Build From
Most PRDs fail because they describe a solution instead of a problem, and leave the ambiguity for engineers to discover mid-sprint. Here is a format that does not.
Insights & Updates
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Articles
129 articles · page 2 of 11
Engineering
How to Estimate a Software Project Without Guessing
A repeatable method for turning a client brief into a defensible cost and timeline: decompose, estimate ranges, apply a measured multiplier, and show your working.
Engineering
AI Code Review Tools Compared: What Each One Is Actually Good At (2026)
An honest comparison of AI and static-analysis code review tools — what each catches, what each misses, and when a human review is still the only thing that works.
Security
What Is Prompt Injection?
Prompt injection is when untrusted text reaching a model's context gets treated as instruction rather than data. It has held OWASP's number one LLM risk slot across every edition, and agents made it materially worse.
Engineering
Turning Meetings into Engineering Decisions
Transcription is solved; the value is not in the transcript. A practical pipeline for converting recorded conversations into durable, retrievable decisions instead of another archive nobody reads.
Backend & APIs
What Is Database Normalization?
Normalization organises tables so each fact lives in exactly one place. Understanding what it prevents matters more than reciting the normal forms - and knowing when to break it matters most.
Engineering
How to Onboard an Engineer onto an AI-Generated Codebase
Onboarding used to mean finding the person who wrote it. In a codebase where much of the code was generated, that person may not exist. A practical approach to ramping engineers into code with no author.
Engineering
What Is Cyclomatic Complexity?
Cyclomatic complexity, defined by Thomas McCabe in 1976, counts a function's independent paths: one plus its decision points. McCabe proposed a limit of 10.
Engineering
AI Code Review: What to Automate, What to Keep Human
With a large share of new code now AI-generated, review is the bottleneck rather than authoring. What machines review well, what they review badly, and how to split the job without losing the part that mattered.
Cloud & DevOps
What Is an SLO?
A service level objective is a target for reliability, deliberately below 100%. The number is not the point - the error budget it creates is, because that is what turns reliability into a decision instead of an argument.
Security
Model Risk and Audit Trails in Financial Services AI
Financial services has governed models for decades. Generative AI does not escape that framework - it stresses it. What model risk management asks of an LLM feature, and what to instrument.
Backend & APIs
What Is an ER Diagram?
An entity-relationship diagram shows what things exist in a system and how they relate. Its real value is not documentation - it is that cardinality forces questions nobody asks until the data is wrong.
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